Lord of the Flies Violence - 2712 Words

How does Golding use violence in the novel ‘Lord of the Flies’? In the novel ‘Lord of the Flies’, Golding uses the theme of violence surfacing throughout the text. One reason for this was, Golding believed that every individual has the potential for evil and that the flawed human nature is seen in ‘mankind’s essential sickness’. His belief in this arrived through his time spent in war, so his aim was to challenge Ballantyne’s novel ‘Coral Island’, and in which Golding’s book the truth would be shown about his own thoughts of the darkness of mankind. As the theme of violence is in the heart of the novel, another reason of this is due to the quick breakdown of civilisation on the island. Through the breakdown, an ideal situation of†¦show more content†¦The first act of destruction on the island follows the idea of the diseases and fallen human nature, is the pushing of the boulder. After three of the boys have noticed the boulder, they decide to ‘accept the challengeâ€℠¢, which they succeed in doing so. The fact that they didn’t need to remove the boulder from the mountain portrays the fact that the smallest things that the boys notice in their way have to be somehow destroyed. This displays the temptation in which the island is leading them to, as if they are obsessed by the thought of destruction in these early stages. The pushing of the rock symbolises the naturally destructive instincts that loses the innocence inside the children who are immediate to disturb the harmony of the island, following Golding’s theories. The islands reaction to the rock is through the forest shaking ‘with the passage of an enraged monster’. Golding uses the word ‘monster’ to describe this, to imply that the boys have let out a metaphorical beast onto the island which portrays the evil inside of the boys beginning to become exposed and their evil nature beginning. Furthermore, this portrays the battle between the diseased manki nd and the natural world starting to corrupt the island. However, in contrast to this when Jack comes across a pig, evidentially to kill as he assigned himself the role of hunter, Jack is unable to murder the animal. Golding describesShow MoreRelatedLord Of The Flies Violence Analysis891 Words   |  4 Pagesviolent is to use physical force with the intention of hurting someone or something. In the novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding, the character of Jack reflects his latent violence onto the other characters around him. The evolution of Jack’s character from proper to primitive, explains that violence among people can be influenced by a violent leader. The reader sees Jack leading and influencing violence upon people, when he conducts his hunters to a successful first pig hunt, when the boys danceRead MoreLord Of The Flies : Representation Of Violence And War1611 Words   |  7 PagesLord Of The Flies: Representation Of Violence and War Dietrich Bonhoeffer, a German theologian, states that â€Å" The ultimate test of a moral society is the kind of world that it leaves to its children.† In William Golding’s Lord Of The Flies, societal topics run rampant throughout the text with Golding’s use of individuals to represent different aspects of society. Many writers view the Lord Of The Flies as an allegory, as societal topics such as politics make appearances throughout the text. InRead Morehow is violence presented in lord of the flies1425 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿How is violence presented in Lord of the Flies? Planning (remember to get quotes): Key ideas: Introduction Setting - This island - pathetic fallacy, descriptions Binary oppositions: Civilisation vs savagery (breakdowns). Zoomorphism Binary oppositions: Dictatorship vs democracy (juxtapositions) Deaths of Simon and Piggy – animalistic, savage chanting, violent behaviour when they let their temptations get the better of them. Simon and the beast? Conclusion – end of the novel WilliamRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1200 Words   |  5 Pagestheir own in an area without rules. The human race will fall apart without a set of rules that apply to them. When left on its own, and given an opportunity, human nature will revert back to the inherent savagery that lies within. In the book Lord of the Flies a British plane crashes on a deserted island in the middle of nowhere. The only survivors are a group of boys, and without any adults, the kids are left to fend and govern for themselves. Throughout the rest of the book, groups start to formRead MoreMichelle Duan Mrs. MJ English 10 H, per. 3 13 February 2014 A Symbol’s Worth a Thousand1500 Words   |  6 PagesSuch is the nature of the symbols found in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies. As a group of boys stranded on an island struggle to survive without adult supervision to maintain order, Golding uses a variety of objects to convey their descent from civilization into brutality, violence, and savagery. Of these objects, three hold particular significance. In Lord of the Flies, Golding uses the conch, the signal fire, and the Lord of the Flies to symbolize civilization, hope for rescue, and inner evilRead MoreInner Evil in Lord of the Flies by William Golding Essay620 Words   |  3 PagesInner Evil Throughout the novel Lord Of The Flies, the boys on the island are continuously faced with numerous fears. Subsequently there is nothing on the island which they fear more than the beast. The beast is not a tangible object that can be killed or destroyed by conventional means, but an idea symbolizing the primal savage instincts within all people. Its Golding’s intention to illustrate the innate evil inside man through his view of human nature, the actions of the Jack and his tribe,Read MoreLord Of The Flies By William Golding Essay1475 Words   |  6 Pages Outline Introduction Short intro for Lord of the Flies Short intro on Gangs The bullying and group mentality demonstrated in gangs has resemblances to the characters in Lord of the Flies. II. Bullying/Group mentality Gangs Drugs/Loyalty B. Lord of the flies Jack kills the pig/Jack and Ralph fight III. Effects B. Lord of the flies Jack killing the pig aftermath Violence IV. Conclusion Gangs are considered a group of people that have a common link togetherRead MoreThe Hangmans Horror: Roger, Sadism, and Psychopathy in Lord of the Flies1506 Words   |  7 Pagesinherent darkness in all men and first-hand experience with savagery and violence in World War II, William Golding used Lord of the Flies as not only a historical allegory and a pulpit from which to address the darkness in all men, but also as a metaphor and a example that no one is exempt from human nature. Golding’s characters in Lord of the Flies reflect this idea greatly, but none more so than Roger. Throughout Lord of the Flies, Golding uses the character of Roger to show the follies of mankind andRead MoreEssay about Jack - Dynamic Character in Lord of the Flies768 Words   |  4 PagesLord of the Flies, written by William Golding, has four very important dynamic characters. A dynamic character is a character that develops and grows during the course of the story. Ralph, Jack, Piggy, and Simo n are four dynamic characters in Lord of the Flies that adapt to their new lifestyles in different ways. Jack is a very important dynamic character in Lord of the Flies because he goes through the most changes during the novel. While on the island, Jack has many life experiences that changeRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1731 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom falling into complete despair. In Lord of the Flies by William Golding, the ominous novel explores the descent into madness of a group of boys that crash land on a stranded island amidst the commotion of the Cold War. As the book progresses, the main character, Ralph, assumes power over the group as an elected leader while Jack, a more violent boy, initially assents to Ralph being chief, but later on finds himself falling into the temptations of violence and gathers a separate tribe of savage

Characteristics Of Renaissance And Baroque Periods - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1617 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/05/23 Category Art Essay Level High school Tags: Renaissance Essay Did you like this example? Music is a form of expression that has changed over time with the discovery and formation of different techniques and characteristics across the eras. The Renaissance and the Baroque periods have many similarities, but also many differences that make them unique. Contrasting the characteristics of the Renaissance and Baroque periods, reveals how history repeats itself while advancing in specific areas. History played a role in how Renaissance music was composed and performed. The Renaissance era spanned the years 1450 to 1600. This period is known for the rebirth of human creativity, with rebirth being the literal definition of renaissance (Ongaro 1). It was a time of exploration and adventure with the voyage of Christopher Columbus and scientific advancements. It was also an age of curiosity and individualism, with humanism becoming a huge intellectual movement. These changes played a major role in the variations of musical works and techniques in this era. While history changed the sound the Renaissance, printing widened the circulation of its music across the nations. While sacred music was still a major player in the music world (with typically male church choirs growing) secular music became more prominent and widely accepted. Musicians not only worked in the churches, but also in courts and towns. This shift of musical activity allowed town musicians to play civic pro ceedings such as weddings, this is important because secular music was not acceptable in the middle ages. During the middle ages musicians typically played for aristocrats instead of public events. With the rise of secular music, Vienna, Austria became the leading music capital of the world. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Characteristics Of Renaissance And Baroque Periods" essay for you Create order While the Renaissance was known for the rebirth of human creativity, the Baroque period was known for its distinctive chaos and change in musical styles. The Baroque period spanned the years 1600 to 1750. The word baroque is of Portuguese origin with an original meaning of irregularly shaped pearl (Buelow 1). The term was popularized in the English language as meaning variously strange, distorted, extravagant and so on. (Buelow 1). The changes in technique of musical works can be tied into the events of this time. Specifically, the Reformation which began in the year 1517 ending in 1648. Martin Luther was a major figure during the protestant Reformation, he was said to believe that music was the greatest gift of God after religion itself (Butt 2017). Luther had a major impact on the sacred music of this period that was sung in churches. He practiced the glorious polyphony of catholic practice, however he incorporated chorales that could be sung by an entire congregation (Butt 2017). Heinrich Schutz composed 3 sacred concertos (polyphonic concertos sometimes with instrumentation sometimes without) that became some of his most well-known vocal sacred pieces (Britannica 2018). While sacred music was preserved and advanced in the Baroque period secular music advanced as well. Music during this period typically had a continuous mood throughout a movement. The basso continuo became the go to bass line of musical works and church modes were replaced by major and minor keys. During the baroque era different forms were used more often such as operas, sonatas, suites, fugues and concertos. Ternary dynamics were prominent as well. The Renaissance and Baroque periods can be distinguished from one another by their distinctive sound. The texture of the Renaissance period was majority polyphonic. During the Renaissance secular music became more widely accepted in society. Among the important genres of secular music was the Italian Madrigal. The Italian Madrigal was written using lyrical poetry. Madrigal composers set texts that aspired to be, of high literary quality, instead of simple strophic poems (Ongaro 81). Lyrical poetry featured word painting, this occurs when the sound of a lyric purposely describes its literal meaning, these features gave secular pieces multiple emotions. While secular music was on the rise, the Mass and Motet became the most significant arts of scared music. A Mass is described as the central liturgical celebration of the catholic church. (Ongaro 69). A Mass is composed of some unchanging parts these remaining parts are known as the ordinary of the mass. This specific musical work was typically polyphonic and had 5 parts that were specifically chosen to be set to the polyphony, these parts included the Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, and the Angus Dei. (Ongaro 71). The Mass quickly became one of the most important sacred genres, constantly testing the imagination of sacred composers. A well- known mass from this period is Palestrina: Gloria, from Pope Marcellus Mass, it was composed in 1567 and uses Gloria as a setting from the Ordinary Mass. On the other hand, the Motet, is a sacred composition usually composed of Latin text and anywhere from 3 to 6 voices. (Ongaro 68). Motets were more emotion based than the mass because the lyrics behind a motet were more suitable for experimentation, giving the composers more room for emotional expression. While the Renaissance was known for its fluidity and emotional expression, the Baroque p eriod was quite the opposite. The early Baroque years were considered mainly homophonic while the late Baroque period was generally polyphonic in texture. The music of this period was known to have a unified mood throughout the entirety of the movement, with sudden and abrupt changes in loudness. During this time masses and motets were still prominent for sacred tunes, however the rise of the opera came towards the end of this period and grew quickly. Henry Purcell became one of the most renowned opera composers of the baroque period. His most well-known opera is Didos and Aeneas, Composed in 1689. While sound characteristics of the Renaissance and Baroque periods blended together in some respects, the harmonies differed completely. Harmony is the effect we hear when two or more musical parts are played or sung together (Ongaro 26). Consonance and dissonance are terms used to describe harmonies. Consonance is when we hear two or more notes together that give us a sense of satisfaction and ease. (Ongaro 26). Dissonance is typically described as a misplaced sound, it is not a sound our ears are used to hearing so our brains tell us something is off with the sound combination. Renaissance music is pleasant to the ear because it has a consonance to it with controlled dissonances, as to not make the change so harsh. While the fluidity of the music sounds sweet to the ear, the musical works can sound unpleasant because the composers of this period used modes instead of the major and minor scales that we use now. Baroque Harmonies were classified as functional harmonies in the sense that they were constant and stable, the beginning and ending were typically the same with some abrupt dissonance in the middle. Functional harmonies came from a theory that stated, each chordal identity within a tonality can be reduced to one of three harmonic functions -those of tonic, dominant, and subdominant. (Whittall; Latham 496). The most important harmonic advancement of the Baroque period was the change from church modes to the major and minor scales that we use now, this forever changed the composition of music. Melody is the part of the song that is hummed by individuals because it is the most distinguishable aspect of a musical piece. The term melody in music indicates a series of notes that are arranged in succession in such a way to create a recognizable musical unit (Ongaro 28). Melodic lines of the Renaissance period can be greatly different depending on the genre of music. Sacred music for example, typically had more of a unified melodic line as compared to secular music which was more fragmented. Later Renaissance melodies seemed to have more of a grasping affect on the listener, where it could easily be remembered and repeated. These melodic lines were shorter and more repetitive. Tone painting was significant during the Renaissance period on regards to the melodic line as well. Tone painting is another word for word painting, this quality bled over into the baroque period. However, the most significant aspect of the Baroque period was the addition of the basso continuo as an accompaniment to the melodic line. Basso continuo became prominent in the later years of the baroque period but the idea of a bass-line accompaniment started much earlier in the era. (Buelow 25). The figured bass accompaniment typically consisted of bass instruments such as the cello and harpsichord. The melodies of the baroque period vary more than the Renaissance because they were composed specifically for multiple voices or various instruments. Just as the melodies differ the forms and dynamics of the Renaissance and Baroque periods differ the same. The Renaissance period was greatly varied in the aspect of form. Secular music was composed of simple forms, for example strophic from was the repetition of several stanzas of text in music. On the other hand, sacred music during this time did not have significant repetition of musical ideas or phrases so we call this a through-composed work (Ongaro 37). Some significant forms of the baroque period included concertos and oratorios. Concertos combined solo voices, large scale orchestras, along with various solo instruments. Concertos were sometimes used to describe polyphonic sacred music. Oratorios were the large-scale combination of orchestras and voices, typically with a religious narrative, very similar to operas. In the baroque period Terraced dynamics became a well composed style, these dynamics played a major role in the chaotic sound this period was known for. Ter raced dynamics were abrupt and sudden changes in volume without the gradual crescendos and decrescendos. (Latham 1267). Music has been developing since the beginning of time, it has changed and advanced the art in thousands of cultures. The characteristics of the Renaissance and the Baroque periods distinguished themselves from one another in many ways. Their sounds, textures, harmonies, melodies and forms are all different making the period not only easily distinguished but unique in every aspect.

The Color Purple Film Critique - 894 Words

Samad 1 Jacquline Samad Professor Brown History 106 25 April 2011 The Color Purple Film Critique The Color Purple is a 1985 drama film directed by Steven Spielberge that centers around the story of a poor southern, Black woman, Cellie Harris who overcomes years of racism, sexism, and physical/verbal abuse from the men in her life like her own father and husband. As she lives her life as a slave to her husband, she meets two strong black women along the way that gives her the comfort and self empowerment to finally stand up for herself and not to give in to her husbands abuse. Cellies new inner confidence also helps her to reconnect with her long lost sister, Nettie and her two children that she had by†¦show more content†¦So owning ones land had become the biggest goal for many Blacks to pursue since they saw it as the only path for their properity. As more and more Blacks gained economic power through land ownership, the Whites did anything as possible to reclaim their superiority over the Blacks. They did this by passing the â€Å"separate but equalâ €  rule, where the Blacks were not allowed to sit or be in places assigned as â€Å"whites only†. They tried to deprive their voting rights by assigning a poll tax and a literacy test to their vote, which many Blacks were not able to afford themselves of. Also, by the 1920s, a very strong anti-Black organization had formed throughout the south who had called themselves by name, Ku Klux Klan. Many Blacks had found it easier to establish all-Black communities, especially around the church settings. By the 1930s, the Great Depression causes President Roosevelt to form welfare programs in Georgia like the Civilian Conservation Corps, which gave many Black men newer opportunities of work. As the economy got better in the 1940s, the options for women and especially African American women hasnt changed for the better. Most women found jobs as being maids and cooks for a household. Almost half of white households in the south hired a black woman to be their maid. Very few Blacks were able work as ministers, doctors,Show MoreRelatedThe Purple Rose Of Cairo4050 Words   |  17 Pageschapter will mainly discuss Woody Allen?s The Purple Rose of Cairo (1985) to examine how a theme about cinema-goers reflects a desire from the filmmaker and the audience. The film fabricates a fantasy where the protagonist of a film called ?The Purple Rose of Cairo?, Tom Baxter (enacted by Jeff Daniels), ?steps? out of the film during a screening. He joins Cecilia (starred by Mia Farrow), a frustrated waitress and aggrieved wife who has watched this film countless times, and starts an adventure inRead MoreLooking At A Few Of Them3927 Words   |  16 Pagesanimated films, Hayao Miyazaki, has brought not only exhilarating and mysterious stories to life, but also multiple issues that he tries to convey through each of his films. Looking at a few of them, Miyazaki expresses issues about feminism, war, environmental issues, and much more. The question that will try to be answered thr oughout this essay is, how does Hayao Miyazaki use the elements and principles of art to express environmental issues and impacts within his films? Through the use of color, sceneRead More Social Criticism in Laurie Simmons Early Color Interiors2470 Words   |  10 Pagesthemselves using the immediate nature of photography. The most influential members of this group were women concerned with questioning conventional representations of gender in the media and film. Laurie Simmons’ early photography was an exploration of societal expectations about women’s roles. Her Early Color Interiors photographs (1978-79) critiqued conventional representations of women in domestic spaces. Her photographs of kitchen scenes are especially representative of the myriad of influencesRead MoreMonologue: Reading and Students6486 Words   |  26 Pagesrehearsal, revision-by-rehearsal, and performances, as well as lessons focusing on character development and identification of purpose. Ho pefully, before launching into this unit you will have the opportunity to collect video and audio clips, texts of film scripts, and/or examples of monologues from short stories and novels. (Because of copyright restriction, we have not included â€Å"professional† examples in this CCG.) The student models we do include are â€Å"works in progress† and should be discussed inRead More`` France Virile : Des Tondues A La Liberation, Sexuality, And Sadism8413 Words   |  34 PagesVictorian era were very complex and sophisticated, and Victorian writers were fascinated by the meanings that women s hair could convey: No other writers have lavished so much attention on the physical properties of women s hair: its length, texture, color, style, curliness. There is scarcely a female character in Victorian fiction whose hair is not described repeatedly and in considerable detail (Gitter 941). Not only is hair over represented in the literature, but it is also, for the first time, relatedRead MoreMastering Graduate Studies 1e32499 Words   |  130 Pagesfunny in the online setting, you may need to support your post with emoticons such as J or ;) (Ross, 2011). 11. Overuse – Using emoticons, and acronyms are okay, but do not overuse them. Using color can hurt your classmates’ eyes and make words difficult to see or read, so it is best to leave the font color black (Ross, 2011). Classroom Etiquette In teams or otherwise, communicating requires a certain level of etiquette and respect for your fellow classmates. Communication must be presented in aRead More1000 Word Essay85965 Words   |  344 PagesDefine the term racism. Any attitude or action of a person or institutional structure that subordinates aperson or group because of skin color or race. (AR 600-20 June 2006 / 6-2 / PDF 57) Page 16 / 389  © Copyright 1999-2012 ArmyStudyGuide.com Version 5.3 Describe minority group Any groupdistinguished from the general population in terms of race, religion, color,gender, or national origin. (AR 600-20 June 2006 / Terms / PDF 124) What is sexual harassment? 1. Sexual harassment is a form of genderRead MoreVampire Diaries61771 Words   |  248 Pagesthe resemblance was uncanny. That pale golden hair, so fair it almost seemed to shimmer. That creamy skin, which had always made him think of swans, or alabaster, flushing faintly pink over the cheekbones. And the eyes†¦ Katherines eyes had been a color he had never seen before; darker than sky blue, as rich as the lapis lazuli in her jeweled headband. This girl had those same eyes. And they were fixed directly on his as she smiled. He looked down from the smile quickly. Of all things, he did notRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesthat word â€Å"proof† is a tricky word. There are different standards of proof in different situations. You have to meet a higher standard if you are proving a new theorem in mathematics than if you are proving to your neighbor that you saw the same film he did last week. Basically, though, a proof is a convincing argument, an argument that should convince your audience, not simply an argument that does convince them. ────CONCEPT CHECK──── 12 issue. Answer (a). A yes answer and a no answerRead MoreAutobilography of Zlatan Ibrahimovic116934 Words   |  468 PagesChan-flicks on those old tapes. Those were the things we d watch when we hung out in front of the telly. Swedish TV was crap. It wasn t on the map. We lived in a totally different world. I was twenty years old when I watched my first Swedish film, and I had no clue about Swedish heroes or sport guys, like Ingemar Stenmark and guys like that. But I knew Ali! What a legend! He did his own thing no matter what people said. He never apologized and that s something I ll never forget. That dude

Tar Baby-CH10 By Toni Morrison Book Report/Review

Essays on Tar Baby by Toni Morrison Book Report/Review The paper "Tar Baby by Toni Morrison" is a wonderful example of a book review on literature. The setting of chapter ten is at the Street’s house where Jadine has a conversation with Margaret and Ondine. Ondine and Sydney are disappointed that Jadine has to leave. Remarkably, they expect her to show some gratitude for the help they offered her when she was young. Jadine is still unsure about what to do, whether to fly to France or stay. Previously, as the chapter starts, Jadine prepares to travel to L’Arbe de la Croix. While on the island of Dominique, she is unsure of whether she is supposed to leave Son owing to their cultural differences. Jadine is on a quest to seek her independence by starting a new career in Paris. On the other hand, Son is disappointed with Jadine’s plans.   â€Å"Aloneness tasted good and even at a table set for four, she was grateful to be far away from his original-dime ways, his white-folks-black-folks primitivism. How could she make a life with a cultural throwback, she asked herself and answered No way† (Morrison 275).The quote is significant because it evidences that Jadine is grateful to be far away from Son, whom she now sees as a ‘cultural throwback’. Jadine searches for a self-identity, especially because her life was entangled in the constructs of the White social order. She reaffirms that she wants a separate life from Son, who she feels holds back her plans for success. She feels better alone than she felt with Son and his uncultured ways. Jadine is cultured, and her mindset is that of a cultured and liberalized White person, but Son still has ethnicity issues because his behavior is deeply entrenched in the Black culture that is characterized by an inferiority complex. Jadine does not see any future in their relationships considering Son’s mindset.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Society

Question: Discuss about the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Society. Answer: Introduction The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a disease that affects the lungs and makes it difficult for an individual to breathe. This disease occurs due to poor airflow in the lungs for a long period of time especially due to smoking. This often occurs as two diseases which are: chronic bronchitis and Emphysema. In a normal human being, the air lungs contain air sacs. As one breathes in and out, the air sacs get big and narrow and due to this process, they help air in moving through the lungs. Emphysema affects the ability of these air sacs to stretch (Abbas, 2016). This will result in shortness of breath as the only little amount of air gets into the lungs. The other disease, which is chronic bronchitis, is characterized by inflamed airways creating a massive production of mucus leading to their blockage and can make it hard for a person to breath. When one is suffering from chronic bronchitis, he or she experiences a cough for almost three months a year for almost two years. The two diseases result to difficulty in breathing (Alif, 2016). Pathophysiology is the study of body changes due to an injury or a disease (Alif, Dharmage, Dennekamp, Burgess, Perret Thomas, 2016). COPD causes the breakage of the tissues in the lungs, this is what is known as emphysema. It is characterized by poor airflow to the lungs. When the small airways are destroyed, bullae, which are large pockets of air, are created in the place of lung tissues leading to a disease known as bulbous emphysema. When one is suffering, from COPD there is an inflammatory response, and also the development of infections from the bacteria (Kirby, 2016).The inflammation occurs in the macrophages and neutrophil granulocytes, This is the white cells of the blood. COPD is a disease that worsens as time progresses. A person's daily activities such as climbing stairs and walking become difficult. The main symptoms are a long lasting cough, sputum, and difficulty in breathing (Bhowmick, 2016). Short of breath can even be seen while carrying out simple activities such as cooking or dressing. The common cause of this disease is smoking of tobacco. Taking in air that is polluted from chemicals, staying in poorly ventilated rooms, cooking oils can lead to the disease of the lungs. In the less developed countries, air pollution comes from cooling fuels and poorly vented heat. Exposure to pollution by these irritants leads to inflammation of the lungs. This results to the breakdown of lung tissues and small airways (DeMao, 2016). The most common signs and symptoms of this disease are a lack of breath, production of sputum and a long-term productive cough (Donaldson, 2016). The first sign to be experienced is a long productive cough. This cough goes for over three months annually for two years. There is the production of sputum. Chronic bronchitis can occur even before the COPD fully develops. Sputum is produced in different amounts over the hours and the days. In other individuals, a cough may be present occasionally but is not productive (Enright, 2016). One can confuse a COPD cough with cough of a smoker. Coughing vigorously can lead to fractures of the ribs or loss of consciousness for a small period of time. A person suffering from COPD can experience difficulty while breathing. This symptom worsens over time and in the worst cases, it can occur occasionally for the rest of a person's life. Shortness of breath creates anxiety and can lead to poor quality life. Patients with this symptoms aid their breathing through pursed lips. When the symptoms get worse or flare up, according to (Ghosh, 2016) this is known as an exacerbation. It can either be acute or chronic. Acute exacerbation is characterized by the shortness of the breath, which increases over time. There is also an increase in the production of sputum, the sputum also changes from yellow to green color (Hilzendeger, 2016).Other signs include the increase in the heart rate, breathing, increase in sweat and confusion are the severe symptoms of an exacerbation. Exacerbation is usually brought by air pollution or the wrong use of medicines (Apps, Mukherjee, Abbas, Minter, Whitfield, Field Ateli, 2016). Cold temperature is also a cause of this condition. This is a type of medication that is inhaled by the patient. There are mainly two types of bronchodilators: anticholinergic and agonists. They can be found in short-acting and long-acting forms. There are used in order to wheeze, reduce difficulties in breathing and limit exercises. This often leads to improvement of quality life. However, it has not yet been known whether it changes the progression of this disease. For those who are suffering from the acute form of the disease, they are recommended to take short-acting agents. While those that are suffering more from the disease should use a long-lasting agent. These long-acting agents work by improving the hyperinflation. If the long acting bronchodilators are not enough, corticosteroids should be added (Loncatore, 2016).Examples of short acting agents are terbutaline and Ventolin. This disease provides relief to a patient for about four to six hours. The side effects of this medicine include heart palpitations and shaking. The two types of ant cholinergic that are used in treating COPD: that is tiotropium and ipratropium. Ipratropium is a type of a short-acting agent while tiotropium a long-lasting agent. Tiotropium can lead to improved life and decrease in exacerbation. This does not affect mortality or the rate of hospitalization. These two medicines can lead to urinary tract diseases or dry mouth. The patients that suffer from low oxygen levels should be provided with supplement oxygen. This leads to the decrease of death and heart failure for at least fifteen hours per day. This may also lead to the patients ability to carry out exercises. For the patients that are suffering from mild levels of oxygen, supplementation of oxygen can lead to improvement breath while the individual is exercising. However, it may not lead to the improvement of the patient breathing while carrying out normal activities. If the individual continues smoking while on oxygen supplement, they are at the risk of catching fire and benefiting from this oxygen. When one has an acute exacerbation, there are chances that oxygen is the best therapy (Mehary, 2016). High amounts of oxygen should not be used since they can increase the levels of carbon dioxide. This medicine is use in an inhaling form. It is also available in tablet form. It is used in treating the acute form of COPD. They lack effect on one year use. It is, however, hard to determine whether they reduce the disease from progressing. They can also lead to pneumonia for both the tablets and inhaled steroids. For the individuals who are suffering from the severe form of this disease, surgery can be an option. This can include reduction of the volume of the lungs and lung transplant. Reduction of the volume of the lungs involves the removal of the parts of the lungs that have been mostly affected by emphysema. This is done so as to allow the best part of the lungs to function much better. If emphysema has only affected the upper part of the lungs, the reduction can be carried out. This, however, increases the risk of death that can occur early or lead to adverse effects. Individuals, who are suffering from severe lung disease, require lung transplant (Treibal, 2016). Taking care of a person who is suffering from COPD at home comes with a number of responsibilities. When a person is suffering from COPD, their loved ones and family members have the responsibility of learning about the disease. Home-based care can also involve the nurses, they are important as they can help in carrying out spirometry testing and reversibility testing. The nurses help the patient and their family on how to handle the disease. The nurses are involved mostly on how they should help the patients to use medications correctly such as the use of inhalers. This involves nutrition counseling, exercises that have been prescribed by the doctor and educating about the disease. Rehabilitation can lead to the increment of strength; improve the quality of the patients life and reducing the symptoms that are brought by this disease. Before a patient is discharged, the health officials should ensure that there is someone who has the responsibility of allowing the patient to undergo rehabilitation. The loved ones should also attend these rehabs with the patients. Help with the medications Before Bill is discharged, the health professionals should ensure that there is someone who is responsible for helping the patient in taking their medicines. They should ensure that they create a chart that is responsible for knowing whether they have taken each medicine, the right dosage and at the right time of the day. This is very important since the patient may be needed to take a number of medications according to the nature of his disease. The doctors should ensure that there is a person who can accompany the patient suffering from COPD to the doctors appointments, this is important as he or she can help them remember what the doctor said. The loved ones are also responsible for asking questions on behalf of the patient. They can also get a chance to learn how medicines that have been described to the patient can be used. This includes inhalers, nebulizer and oxygen supplements The professionals should teach the caregivers on what to look for when the patient is suffering from severe symptoms of an exacerbation and when they should call the doctors. These signs include tiredness, lack of breath that can lead to a person sleeping badly, increased mucus, swelling of the hands and legs, cramping of muscles and coughing that leads to chest pains. Caring for these patients at home can be challenging. A caregiver should, therefore, follow the doctors instruction and encourage the patients to take medications so as to improve the quality of ones life. The community offers the patient with support groups that are important in helping the patient in managing the disease and also helps them in smoking cessation, exercise, medical tests, supplement oxygen and breathing exercises. The community can also offer funds that are used in treating this disease such as inhalers. For a person suffering from COPD, there should be less or no exposure to air pollution. The community has the responsibility of keeping the environment clean (Bhowmik, Tadique, Graham, Hodson Rajakulasingam, 2016). Before a bill is discharged, he should be taught the meaning of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the cause of this disease, signs, and symptoms of COPD, how the disease is treated, and whether after treatment the disease will go away (Peinado, 2016). Conclusion COPD has no cure. However, the symptoms can be treated so as to avoid the progression of the disease. Managing of this disease is meant to reduce the risk factors o as to treat exacerbation. It is also mean for managing illnesses that are associated with this condition (Huang, 2016). A patient with this condition should stop smoking and should receive an influenza vaccination once per year, another vaccination known as pneumococcal once per five years. They should also avoid air pollution. The people who are suffering from the chronic condition of this disease should be kept under palliative care. This may work to reduce symptoms and improve the breathing of the patient. In this case, patients that suffer from COPD should be managed in a primary healthcare. However, there is a big challenge in treating these patients due to poor technology and a high number of patients. When a patient has been diagnosed with COPD the patient should take treatment and carry out a number of functions s o as to reduce the impact of the disease on their lives. This includes exercise, stop smoking, eat a nutritious diet, learn about the disease and its treatment and consider home-based care. References Apps, M., Mukherjee, D., Abbas, S., Minter, J., Whitfield, J., Field, S., ...Ateli, L. (2016). A Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Service Integrating Community And Hospital Services Can Improve Patient Care And Reduce Hospital Stays. In A41. THE Spectrum Copd Care: FROM Identification To Policy (pp. A1523-A1523). American Thoracic Society. Alif, S. M., Dharmage, S. C., Benke, G., Dennekamp, M., Burgess, J., Perret, J. L., ... Thomas, P. S. (2016). Lifetime Occupational Exposure To Vapor, Gases/Fumes, Dust And Risk Of COPD At 45 Years: The Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study (TAHS). In B24.OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE (pp. A2989-A2989).American Thoracic Society. Bhowmik, A., Tadique, A., Graham, L., Hodson, M., Rajakulasingam, R. (2016).Lung function, symptoms and prescription of inhaled steroids and long acting 2 agonists in patients managed by an integrated COPD team. DeMeo, D. L., Han, M. K., Regan, E. A., Yadao, A., Kavati, A., Vegesna, A., ... Make, B. J. (2016). Gender Differences By Age In Symptoms, Airflow Limitation, Exacerbation Risk And GOLD Combined Assessment Among Subjects With COPD In COPDGene Cohort. In B105. COPD: Epidemiology And Genetics (pp. A4448-A4448). American Thoracic Society. Donaldson, Gavin C., Beverly Kowlessar, Raymond Sapsford, Anant RC Patel, Alexander J. Mackay, Richa Singh, and Jadwiga A. Wedzicha. "Influenza Vaccination In COPD Patients-No Detectable Changes In Lung Function, Systemic Or Airway Inflammatory Markers." In D38. COPD: Physiologic Evaluation, pp. A6857-A6857. American Thoracic Society, 2016. Enright, P. L. (2016). Oxygen desaturation during a 6-min walk identifies a COPD phenotype with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Ghosh, B., Agarwal, A., Gaike, A., Bhute, S., Kumbhare, S., Pyasi, K., ... Donnelly, L. (2016). Quantitative analysis of potentially pathogenic microbes (PPMs) in the induced sputum of non-smoker COPD (NS-COPD) subjects. Hilzendeger, C., Da Silva, J., Schleich, F. N., Corhay, J. L., Edwards, M. R., Johnston, S. L., Louis, R. (2016). Reduction Of Interferon-Stimulated Genes In COPD Prone To Exacerbation. In B43. COPD: Phenotypes And Clinical Outcomes (pp. A3516-A3516). American Thoracic Society. Huang, J., Attwe, A., Marcos, E., Amsellem, V., Breau, M., Kebe, K., ... Bernard, D. (2016). Genetic Inactivation Of The Phospholipase A2 Receptor (PLA2R1) Protects Against Lung Cell Senescence In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). In A70.THE GOOD, THE BAD, AND THE UGLY OF AGING (pp. A2325-A2325).American Thoracic Society. Kirby, M., Tan, W. C., Hague, C., Leipsic, J., Bourbeau, J., Hogg, J. C., Coxson, H. (2016). CT Total Airway Count Explains Airflow Limitation In COPD Patients Without Emphysema. In C48. COPD: IMAGING (pp. A5202-A5202). American Thoracic Society. Locantore, N., Celli, B., Agusti, A., Lomas, D., Silverman, E. K., Wouters, E. F., ...Calverley, P. M. (2016). The BODE Index And BODE Plus Biomarkers As Predictors Of Long-Term Survival In COPD. In B42. COPD: BIOMARKERS (pp. A3482-A3482). American Thoracic Society. Lainscak, M., Schols, A., Farkas, J., Sulz, I., Themessl-Huber, M., Laviano, A., ... Schindler, K. (2016). Weight loss, food intake and mortality in hospitalized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): The NutritionDay survey analysis. Meharry, R., Anderson, D. (2016). Assessing symptom burden in patients with advanced COPDIs CAT enough?. Treibel, T. A., Duca, F., Schwitter, J., Ide, S., Sandrini, C., Fridman, Y., ... Hilbert, S. (2016). Abstracts1575Extracellular volume associates with outcomes more strongly than native or post-contrast myocardial T11507Cardiac Magnetic Resonance measured Extracellular Volume Independently Predicts Adverse Outcome in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction1457Cardiac MRI Under Percussive Ventilation: A New Promising Technique1644Histological Validation of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for the Evaluation of Myocardial Fibrosis after Heart Transplantation in Children1493First Pass Perfusion Reserve .... Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging, 17(suppl 1), i1-i80. Peinado, V. I., Garcia-Lucio, J., Paul, T., Tura, O., Blanco, I., Barbera, J. A. (2016). Plasma Levels Of Angiopoietin-2 In COPD: Effects Of Smoking And Pulmonary Hypertension. In B27. Hypoxia And The Pulmonary Vasculature: Breathless In San Francisco (pp. A3069-A3069). American Thoracic Society. Lainscak, M., Schols, A., Farkas, J., Sulz, I., Themessl-Huber, M., Laviano, A., ... Schindler, K. (2016). Weight loss, food intake and mortality in hospitalized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): The NutritionDay survey analysis. Walton, G. M., Culliford, A., Greenwood, H., Patel, J., McGuinness, A. J., Stockley, R. A., Sapey, E. (2016). Differences In Neutrophil Chemotactic Responses In COPD And Health, In The Stable State And During Exacerbations. In C107.Immunity, Exacerbation And Immune Cell Function IN COPD (pp. A6328-A6328).American Thoracic Society.

Public Communications and its Different Kinds of Issues in Practices

Question: Discuss the influence on debate in the public sphere of the work of public communication professionals for the different sectors. Use a the great barrier reed as a contemporary issue in the media to illustrate your discussion. Answer: Introduction The concept of public relation is a management procedure which tabulates various public attributes and defines the policy, measures and awareness of a group which is followed by executing an agenda of action to earn public interest towards understanding and approval (Rice and Atkin 2012). The assignment will highlight the nature of public communications and its different kinds of issues in practices. The character of the open communication can be explained as the art science towards managing communication between an organization and its key fundamentals which include towards building managing and sustaining its positive image (Irwin 2014). The following part of the study will reflect what the objective which needs to be developing in order to execute the theories as well as practices of the public communication and its practices. Issues of Public Communication It is one of the most common matters that are highlighted in the people conversation. This particular issue was emphasized in Australia. Coal seam gas is a form of natural gas which is used to generate electricity (Grunig 2013). The CSG mining in Australia is a public space which mainly deals towards developing an open communication in the overall business activity. However is a nonprofit organization which primarily deals in different kinds of public relations which include various types of advertisements? Role of public communication is the entire concept of public communication evaluates different types of public attributes and public opinions. A formulation, as well as the implementation of an organization's plans and procedures based on various kinds of communications with publics, is one of the key points that need to analyze. Sometimes there are certain challenges faced by different types of public communication which include the coordination of communication programmers. The open disclosure provides with the various kinds of organizational as well as individual interests to its audiences using different kinds of topics interest and news items that do not require in direct communications (Carver et al. 2014). The open disclosure includes some of the typical activities which are includes speaking at the conferences, winning technical awards, working with the press and employees communication are some of the common as well as some of the important factors that need to be analyzed i n a proper way. On the other hand, it provides relevant information towards planning technical and organizational development which includes potential utilization. The scope of public communication is very much broad as well as very much diversified which includes different kinds of political aspect in the overall procedure of the open communication. Employees, Leaders, various types of social workers and employees are the key factors which are included in the overall communication process. Influence on Debate In business public communication is a tool of management which includes marketing, production and finance (Dudo, 2012). It mainly deals towards development of different kinds of assets in the organization which is finally reflected in the overall managerial operations towards improved performance, profitability and growth of the organization. There are different scopes towards developing a proper public communication in some of the procedures. The notion of the various kinds of public communication imparts ideas for a strategic purpose. It helps to shape the behavior towards desirable social outcomes (Frank, 2012). Open communication is used to maximize the success through the coordination of the media efforts with a mix of other interpersonal and community-based channels. It involves different kinds of the conventional combination of different kinds brochures, posters, advertisements and commercial of the various types of communication methods. Theories in Practices This part of the study will analyze as well as highlight various applications of principles as well as practices with real examples. There are various kinds of theories which are used in order to support various practices of public communication and on the other hand, some of the important principles are highlighted and elaborated with different examples as well as with different kinds facts and findings. Community Relations is the function of public communication includes the following point. Community connection is the first point which needs to be emphases in the overall public communication procedure (Bruns and Burgess 2012). Different management towards the implementation of various programs in order to execute towards improves community relations on regulations or even ongoing basis (Ki, Kim and Ledingham 2015). Clearly one of the primary functions of the public communication which includes principal functions of society is to bridge the community business gap. When organization supports activities and programs which will allow improving the community includes image and reputation will be enhanced. Public Sector Employee Relation is the most import resources of an organization are its employees and its customer service. The function of the public communication is to maintain the right relations with the employees (Snchez-Mora et al. 2015). The image and the reputation of the organization among its employees are another important responsibility that needs to be followed towards the development process of employees relations. The assignment is well supported with different kinds of theories which include various practices and with relevant examples. One of the major issues in the public relation is highlighted in the study based on an Australian non-profit making organization. Different kinds of public relation, as well as communication theories, are highlighted and emphasized in a proper manner. The importance towards the development of a real pubic communication is one of the most important parts in the study analyzed in an appropriate manner. The nature and application of public communication by developing different kinds of theories and practices are an art of sharing different kinds of ideas with financial expression and movement in a significant body of an audience. The most important as well as the major part is the combination of the various kinds of languages in a public relation process. The mix of styles is the most efficient way as well as modes of communicating (Ki, Kim and Ledingham 2015). Verbal mode of communication, as well as the non-verbal mode of communication, is the two ways of a communication system which are included in the communication process. The following part of the study will reflect how different patterns of the communication system are useful in the application of the public communication (Utz, Schultz and Glocka 2013). In an open conversation, the sound representation is the verbal mode of communication which is expressed in different languages by different individuals. The right to communicate publicly forms the basis of what society considers a liberal democracy. There are certain concepts which need to be emphasized in order to evaluate all the proceedings of the public relation. The public sphere is filled with different kinds competing for visions with nonprofit or the public sector of the economy. There are various arguments made by various scholars and authors in order to evaluate the notion of the overall public communication (Utz, Schultz a nd Glocka 2013). This particular theory explains the behaviors of the different individuals in the overall practice (Barron, 2012). Communication in Private Sector Exchanges in the industry might be owned or developed by federal or state government. It can be individually owned which comprises of different kinds of partners or corporations, and there are different ranges of business, entities and large business entities. Certain facts need to be analyzed which include finance and insurance, retail and tourism (Farmer, 2013). The roles of the firm and government relations, social responsibility and accountability are the key functional activities which majority of the organization follows. Deliberate, planned, performance, public interest, two ways communication and management function are the key events which need to be performed by the Directorate to develop a secure public communication as well as public relation activities. It can be defined as the systemic distribution of public information by maintains different kinds of factors. Nonprofit organization There are different ways which need to be analyzed towards the development process of open communication in order to evaluate communication practices in the nonprofit organization (Rice and Atkin 2012). The application of the various kinds of strategy in the nonprofit organization is to assess drive success. The second point which needs to be analyzed is to execute the overall difference with a compelling message-driven story which will implement the overall strategy towards the evaluation of the communication in the nonprofit organizations. Identifying and message are the third factors which need to focus on different kinds of nonprofit organizations (Irwin 2014). Mapping out all the communication activities which include the different process of execution to engage and inspire the entire communication process in the overall practice in public communication. Profit making is not the primary objective of the nonprofit organization (Grunig 2013). Some of the key parameters which needed to develop in the overall process of different kinds of communication strategies (Syrett, 2015). The notion of the strategic communication plan involves a communication budget. The entire procedure includes identifying the state of the problems, identifications of the messages, identification of message and development of different kinds of communication tools which must be emphasized towards the development process of public disclosure in the overall nonprofit organization (Carver et al. 2014). Development of a proper communication research will evaluate all the activities in an appropriate manner which includes supporting the branding and fundraising organizational awareness. Communication research includes primary studies in the organization which indicates development process of different kinds of theories in the overall communication process, which mainly focuses on various types of groups. On the other hand, the notion of the secondary communication research will evaluate different types of blocks and online services (Hoque, McGehee, Bradshaw, 2013). Conclusion The concluding part of the study will analyze the importance of the public commutation. The study is divided into four factors which will conclude the relation between the theories as well as practices of different kinds of public relation practices. The roles of public communication with the various kinds of practices are highlighted in the study. The public sector, nonprofit public sector, and private sector are the three areas which are emphasized in the study in order to analyze the importance of the theories as well as practices towards the development process of a proper communication process. On the other hand, the process of passing information and understanding from one person to another and it is a process of imparting different ideas. On the contrary, some of the important principles which need to be investigated in a proper manner include basic principles, audience analysis, relationship management and public interest. Strategies and tactics are the two factors which include a skillful device or method used to apply a proper strategy. Reference List Barron, A. (2012).Public information messages. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co. Bruns, A. and Burgess, J., 2012. Notes towards the scientific study of public communication on Twitter.Science and the Internet, pp.159-169. Carver, R.B., Autzen, C., Claessens, M., Marcinkowski, F., Kohring, M. and Shipman, M., 2014. Public communication from research institutes: is it science communication or public relations?.Journal of Science Communication,13, pp.1-4. Dudo, A., 2012. Toward a model of scientists public communication activity: The case of biomedical researchers.Science Communication, p.1075547012460845. Farmer, F. (2013).After the public turn. Boulder, Colorado: Utah State University Press. Frank, L.B., Chatterjee, J.S., Chaudhuri, S.T., Lapsansky, C., Bhanot, A. and Murphy, S.T., 2012. Conversation and compliance: Role of interpersonal discussion and social norms in public communication campaigns.Journal of health communication,17(9), pp.1050-1067. Grunig, J.E., 2013.Excellence in public relations and communication management. Routledge. Hoque, N., McGehee, M., Bradshaw, B. (2013).Applied demography and public health. Dordrecht: Springer. Irwin, A., 2014. Risk, science and public communication.Routledge Handbook of Public Communication of Science and Technology, p.160. Ki, E.J., Kim, J.N. and Ledingham, J.A. eds., 2015.Public relations as relationship management: A relational approach to the study and practice of public relations. Routledge. Rice, R.E. and Atkin, C.K., 2012.Public communication campaigns. Sage. Snchez-Mora, C., Reynoso-Haynes, E., Mora, A.M.S. and Parga, J.T., 2015. Public communication of science in Mexico: Past, present and future of a profession.Public Understanding of Science,24(1), pp.38-52.